With time, those theories were expanded to incorporate a positively and negatively valenced end which left only two polar ends of emotional response. How can we account for varying emotional response and degree of response in a situation?Įarly ideology began as one-dimensional view of affective response. Essentially, Appraisal Theory is a functional explanation that answers questions where other theories fall short. Īppraisal Theory came to be as an explanation for discrepancies with other theories such as: “(1) events themselves, as in stimulus-response theories (e.g., Watson, 1919) (2) physiological processes, such as patterns of neural activity in the brain (e.g., Cannon, 1927) or peripheral autonomic activity (e.g., James, 1894) (3) facial or other expressions (e.g., Tomkins, 1962) or behaviors such as attack and flight (James, 1890) and (4) motivational processes, as in hunger eliciting an infant's distress (Tomkins, 1962) or the desire to intimidate an opponent leading an individual to get angry (Parkinson, 1997b).” (Scherer et al., 2001). Why Appraisal Theory was developed (Scherer et al., 2001). If a context is present, we can evaluate our arousal in terms of that context, and thus an emotional response is present. Without a context, we feel aroused, but cannot label it as an emotional response to a stimulus. When the same physiological responses are paired with a contextual pretext, winning the lottery, for example, the state of arousal is appraised to mean extreme excitement, joy, and happiness. Essentially, humans injected with epinephrine without knowing the actual content of the injection, feel an increase in heart rate, sweating, and nervousness, but that doesn’t elicit an affective response. According to Schachter and Singer (1962) we can have arousal without emotion, but we cannot have an emotion without arousal. (Scherer et al., 2001) Īrousal is defined as “to rouse or stimulate to action or to physiological readiness for activity” (Merriam-Webster, 2007). On the other hand, if the date is perceived negatively, then our emotions, as a result, might include dejection, sadness, emptiness, or fear. starting a new relationship, engagement, or even marriage. If the date is perceived as positive, one might feel happiness, joy, giddiness, excitement, and/or anticipation, because they have appraised this event as one that could have positive long term effects, i.e. An example of this is going on a first date. Essentially, our appraisal of a situation causes an emotional, or affective, response that is going to be based on that appraisal. Categorical Nature of Appraisal and EmotionĪppraisal theory is the idea that emotions are extracted from our evaluations (appraisals) of events that cause specific reactions in different people.
Molar Oriented Models of Appraisal Theory Process Oriented Models of Appraisal Theory 2.6 When Affective Responses Seem Irrational.2.5 Role of effective Emotional Response.2.3 Different Stimuli and Similar Reactions.2.2 Different Reaction in Similar Situations.2 Why Appraisal Theory was developed (Scherer et al., 2001).
0 kommentar(er)
